Reported speech. | Quoted speech | |
She said that(she) watched TV | She said, "I watch TV every day" | 1 |
She said she was watching TV | She said," I'm watching TV" | 2 |
She said she had watched TV | She said," I watched TV" | 3 |
She said she would watch TV | She said," I will watch TV" | 4 |
She said she was going to watch TV | She said," I'm going to watch TV" | 5 |
She said she had watch TV | She said," I have watched TV" | 6 |
She said she had been watching TV | She said," I was watching TV" | 7 |
She said she ought to watch TV | She said," I ought to watch TV" | 8 |
She told me to watch TV | She said," Watch TV" | 9 |
She told me not to watch TV | She said, "Don't watch TV" | 10 |
Verb change تحويلات الأفعال
Reported speech | Quoted speech |
Past simple | Present simple |
Past perfect | Past simple |
Past continuous | Present continuous |
Past perfect continuous | Past continuous |
Past perfect | Present perfect |
Past perfect | Past perfect |
Reported speech | Quoted speech |
was | am |
was | is |
Were | are |
had been | was |
had been | were |
did | do |
Did | does |
had done | did |
had | has |
Had | have |
had had | had |
Could | can |
Would | will |
Should | shall |
had to | must |
had to | have to |
had to | has to |
يبقى كما هو | الماضي من modals |
هناك ثلاثة أنواع من التحويلات:
1- تحويل الجمل الخبرية ويكون كالتالي:
نبدأ الجملة ب he said (that)
نحول الضمائر كما في القواعد السابقة إن وجدت
نحول تصريف الفعل كما في القواعد السابقة
نحول تعابير الزمان إٍٍنْ وجدت
2- تحويل الأسئلة وهي نوعان:
أ- wh- questions حيث غالبا ما نبدأ التحويل ب
He asked + wh + subject + verb(s) + sentence complement
ب- yes, no questions حيث غالبا ما نبدأ التحويل ب
He asked if + subject + verb(s)+ sentence complement
3- تحويل الأمر command/request
He told (pronoun)+to infinitive+ sentence complement الأمر المثبت.
He told (pronoun)+(not)to infinitive+ sentence complement الأمر المنفي.
Study these examples.
1- I am a teacher.
He said (that) he was a teacher.
2- This table is being sold now.
He said that table was being sold then.
3- What's your name?
He asked what my name was.
4- Are you studying English now?
He asked if I was studying English then.
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